Funding provided in part by the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund as recommended by the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources. For a list of references used on this page please go here. Book titles include Edible Plants, Edible Perennials, Edible Trees, and Woodland Gardening. Narrow-leaf Bittercress is a targeted Early Detection species and needs to be stopped before it becomes more unmanageable. Hairy Bittercress - when to find this wild edible Just noticed it this year and it seems to be spreading in a wet part of our yard where a dry creek flows. Learn how and when to remove this template message, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cardamine_impatiens&oldid=1013128522, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from January 2016, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 20 March 2021, at 04:55. Cardamine impatiens is a ANNUAL/BIENNIAL growing to 0.6 m (2ft). Bittercress can also overwinter, which means that it may have already started growing in your lawn over the winter months, but it also thrives in moist and cold conditions that it finds comfortably during the East Coast summer months. common name. An inconspicuous native annual or biennial of moist sites, the young stems and leaves of Pennsylvania bitter-cress are edible. Narrowleaf bittercress is small; growing to a maximum 2 feet in height. Failure to comply may result in enforcement action by the county or local municipality. Narrowleaf bittercress can self-pollinate and produces prolific quantities of seed in siliques that can shoot the seed a short distance from the plant when the dried seedpods burst open. ReferencesCarbon Farming Information andCarbon Sequestration Information. Bittercress. Edible Parts This plant is great for salads, salsa, pestos and anywhere you would use raw cress. Common Name: narrowleaf bittercress, Bushy rock-cress. NRCS/PLANT database Hairy bittercress range map. Its leaves emanate from a basal rosette which is more noticeable on younger plants before the larger leaves obscure its base. Invasive, banned. Invasive Information; This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Use Hairy bittercress as a main salad green, garnish, or in a sandwich. Hairy bittercress is an annual weed that proliferates in spring. The MSU Horticulture Herbicide Recommendations database is an interactive tool to assist in herbicide selection. Thus, a single plant can quickly form a colony. NJ Status: Widespread and highly threatening to native plant communities. Hand-pulling large infestations may result in soil disturbance that favors the germination of more narrowleaf bittercress. Where the leaf joins the stem are a pair of narrow, pointed lobes (auricles). Each stalk has between five and nine leaflet pairs. Sign up to get all the latest gardening tips! We want you to be so delighted with your experience that you cant wait to tell your friends and family. Noticed a few plants last year but didn't know what it was. If you have important information about this plant that may help other users please add a comment or link below. While fall is often seen as mushroom hunting prime time, winter is a less appealing time to, When you see evergreen trees is your first thought to consume them? Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water. It's also easy to harvest by just cutting off the leaf stalks, but avoid taking the tough flower stalks and seedpods. The "hairy" in its name is derived from the tiny "hairs" on its leaves and stems. Thanks! According to the MN Dept. Most infestations are located adjacent to either the St. Croix or Mississippi River. Hairy bittercress is a hardy, frost-tolerant plant that remains green throughout the winter in most climates. converging edges), or narrow Leaf blade base symmetry the leaf blade base is symmetrical Leaf blade bloom the . It is regulated as a prohibited invasive in WI. Its seeds shoot 2 to 3 feet away from the plant, causing it to spread quickly, and a single bittercress can have several generations of seeds within a year. University of Minnesota Extension discovers science-based solutions, delivers practical education, and engages Minnesotans to build a better future. However, a few years ago we created a hairy bittercress pesto. bittercress, (genus Cardamine ), also known as toothwort, large genus of annual or perennial herbs of the mustard family ( Brassicaceae ), native to northern temperate areas. It contains glucosinolates which are known to help remove carcinogens from the body. As the siliques continue to dry, they eventually "explode" like touch-me-nots, releasing their seeds up to three feet or so. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Sarefo. The site should be monitored and narrowleaf bittercress plants removed in the spring, summer, and fall to prevent seed production. Thick, healthy grass that is not mowed too short or watered too often will be less at risk for bittercress growth. You should also consider aeration, seeding, and fertilization practices that enhance the strength of your lawn and prevents bittercress from taking advantage of the weaker blades. 1 DEER ISLAND, NOVATO: A PLANT SPECIES CHECKLIST Revisions of original list: 12 May 1987, 3 April 1996, 10 May 2006, 20 Aug. 2009, on Marin CNPS hikes with leaders Wilma Edible Uses of Bittercresses; Medicinal Uses of Bittercresses; . It is native to Europe and Asia but is also found in North America. Widespread and common weed. pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Aquatic invasive species detector program. Monitor waterways carefully for this species. . Ripened seedpods burst open and can shoot seed several feet from the mother plant. For native alternatives to narrowleaf bittercress try planting wild stonecrop, heartleaf foamflower, wild geranium, woodland phlox, eastern red columbine, wild ginger, or wild strawberry. When narrow-leaf bittercress occurs as a biennial, the first year's growth is a basal rosette of leaves. Hairy bittercress grows as small clumps of foliage with white flowers on the end of long stems. Produces thousands of seeds that are ejected from slender siliques (seed pods) when mature. The rosettes have 3- 11 leaflets with rounded lobes. ex A. Petioles: Approximately 1-2 cm long. Ex DC. Narrowleaf Bittercress is a narrow, biennial herb that reproduces using seed pods. Occasionally, isolated populations occur in dry, sunny areas away from water. When using toothwort, make sure it's abundant in the area . It was common on the SW end of Pike Island, but also along the hiking/biking trail that goes over to Minnehaha falls. Gray - heartleaf bittercress, large mountain bittercress : Species We are currently updating this section. You may know it by a number of different names such as hoary bittercress, land cress, lambs cress, flick weed, snapweed, or shot weed. Leaves and young shoots - raw or cooked[105, 177]. The hairs are more noticeable on young Hairy bittercress, but you still have to look pretty hard, like with a loupe or magnifying glass, to see them. Lets learn how to use hairy bittercress. Woodland GardenDappled Shade;Shady Edge;Bog Garden; Edible Parts: LeavesShootsEdible Uses: Leaves and young shoots - raw or cooked[105, 177]. Donations have increased following recent appeals - thank you! This helps to keep Wild Edible online. It focuses on the attributes of plants suitable for food forests, what each can contribute to a food forest ecosystem, including carbon sequestration, and the kinds of foods they yield. The tiny 2 mm white flowers of hairy bittercress begin as buds with four sepals growing on a single, smooth stalk in the middle of the plant's basal rosette. The numerous, finely divided leaves are arranged alternately along the stem; a single leaf can have up to 9 pairs of leaflets. * Exclusive content not on the website Plants cultivated for their edible leaves: Barbarea verna, land cress, a biennial herb; Garden cress, Lepidium sativum, a leafy vegetable; Watercress, a perennial; Other plants not usually cultivated or consumed: Arabis alpina, alpine rock-cress, a flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae, native to mountainous areas of Europe, North Africa, Central and Eastern Asia and parts of . 3) Flower stalks with small white flower clusters which turn into small elongated seed pods later in the year. Only comments or links that are felt to be directly relevant to a plant will be included. What you may not realize as youre hoeing or pulling weeds, is that although it may look like just another stubborn invader, hairy bittercress actually has a pungent, peppery flavor and many uses in the kitchen. Its best to use hairy bittercress as soon as possible Cardamine da. Your email address will not be published. First year plants form a rosette and rarely flower. Hairy bittercress seed pods, or siliques, eventually turn from green to brown as they dry out. Each plant has the propensity to produce 600 to 1,000 seeds per plant. As with all annual weeds it is essential to destroy it before seed can be produced. The key to their success is their ability to ping their tiny seeds from their casings (seliques). They are rosulate (forming a rosette). Type a value in the Celsius field to convert the value to Fahrenheit: Plants For A Future have a number of books available in paperback and digital form. Narrowleaf bittercress seedling (bushy rock-cress, narrowleaf bittercress) Remember that most Required fields are marked *. Yellow cress ( Rorippa species) includes several marshy plants Read More There is little information available for chemical control of narrowleaf bittercress. Im so excited I found your wid edible site cant wait to read more ! You will receive a range of benefits including: Countries where the plant has been found are listed here if the information is available. Help support this site ~ Information for sponsor opportunities. I started noticing buds this year in early February in eastern North Carolina, and just a few weeks later, the plants were covered in seedpods. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Sw. - cutleaf toothwort : Species: Cardamine constancei Detling - Constance's bittercress : Species: Cardamine cordifolia A. Thanks for your support! Cardamine da. It. If you think a comment/link or information contained on this page is inaccurate or misleading we would welcome your feedback at admin@pfaf.org. If you think a comment/link or information contained on this page is inaccurate or misleading we would welcome your feedback at admin@pfaf.org. The delicate leaves wilt quickly so harvest only when you're ready to use. Family Name: Brassicaceae - Mustard family. It was recently assessed and ranked as highly invasive plant in New York and a noxious weed in Connecticut and Massachusetts. It can also take over lawns. Many of our readers find that subscribing to Eat The Planet is the best way to make sure they don't miss any of our valuable information about wild edibles. Narrow-leaf Bittercress may resemble some other Cardamine species, most notably Pennsylvania Bittercress, but the latter has larger and better defined flowers while the former has the distinct auricles at the leaf base. Invasive, banned. It is related to the mustard plant, and grows a small white flower that some people find appealing. The plant's small white flowers bloom from May to September. It is not known how narrowleaf bittercress was introduced to North America from Eurasia. I just pulled what I believe is cardamine impatiens out of the edge of my lawn today. Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. As you come across one of your favorite secret spots, Walk around clearings, forest roads, and even gravel driveways in fall, and you might just run across the orange peel fungus (Aleuria aurantia). 711 TTY, Copyright 2023 Minnesota Department of Agriculture, Farm, Property, Real Estate Listing (MN FarmLink), Agriculture Chemical Response & Reimbursement Account, Agricultural Best Management Practices (AgBMP) Loan, Agricultural Growth, Research & Innovation (AGRI) Program, More Business Development, Loans, Grants Topics, Minnesota Ag Water Quality Certification Program, Certified Testing Laboratories (soil & manure), Fertilizer Tonnage Reporting & Inspection Fees, Pesticide Dealer Licensing & Sales Reporting, Rosette leaflet (left) is different from mature leaflet (right), local University of Minnesota Extension agent, Narrowleaf bittercress lifecycle and treatment timing graphic. Ditch edges, seeps, and stream banks are favorable habitats. Narrowleaf bittercress outcompetes desirable vegetation which may result in decreased species diversity and habitat quality. This is a relatively new invader to North America and impacts are still being evaluated. Multiple small flowers with 4 white petals produce slender seedpods (siliques) from May to September. Plants with flowers and/or seedheads should be bagged and disposed. By 2009, multiple discrete infestations were reported in several counties. Found it in my backyard. Hairy bittercress uses ballistic dispersal, or ballochory, to fling its seeds several feet. So far it has been found mostly in the Mississippi River Valley, and probably spreads via the river. Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Crinkleroot Individual flowers are white to greenish, tiny with 4 petals but these are typically absent or indistinct. It contains glucosinolates which are known to help remove carcinogens from the body. First year plants form a rosette and rarely flower. My neighbor recognized it and advised me to pull it, immediately. Waaaahoooo! Cardamine basisagittata W.T.Wang. Basal rosette leaves are pinnately compound, with three to eleven round, lobed leaflets. Image 5449315 is of narrowleaf bittercress (Cardamine impatiens ) foliage. The steminternodes lack firmness. Narrow-leaf Bittercress is a targeted Early Detection species and needs to be stopped before it becomes more unmanageable. Scraggly plant to two feet, weak taproot, flowers white, tiny, about 1/16 to 1/8 inch across. The flowers are edible, but they are tough to chew. Edible & Medicinal Uses of the Pepper Root of Wild Plants. Bittercress is a common broadleaf weed in the northeast. Narrowleaf bittercress is an annual or biennial forb that has a height of 6- 31 inches. We will not sell or share your email address. plant. October 21, 2022 March 18, 2022 by Rachel Lower. Bittercress has a peppery, cress-like flavour and is best eaten raw. gardeners view the plant as a pesky weed. Email Address*, See our privacy policy for more information about ads on this site. - 0 ft. 6 in. Where Hairy bittercress is considered invasive, harvest by pulling the whole plant by its roots. Commonly, narrowleaf bittercress is found in forested floodplains and along rivers and streams in both its native and naturalized ranges. Its a beautiful fall day, and youre walking through the woods looking for edible mushrooms. The flowers consist of four white petals in the shape of a cross, or a crucifix a trait that gave Hairy bittercress's family the former name of Cruciferae (now Brassicaceae) and the reason plants in this family are called "cruciferous.". The leavescan have different forms, from minute to medium in size. They can be simple, pinnate or bipinnate. Bittercress may spread easily, but it is not a very competitive plant so excellent lawn care and lush, thick green lawns help prevent it from germinating. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. This is really easy in loose garden soil. Saint Paul, MN 55155-2538, Phone: 651-201-6000 Plants. Being in the brassica family bittercress has many health benefits. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. Leaves near the top of the plant are less than inch wide. Hairy Bittercress is an edible weed that has a mild peppery taste. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. ReferencesCarbon Farming Information andCarbon Sequestration Information. Basal leaves are compound in groups of 3 to 11, with rounded lobes that may be further notched or lobed, and asymetrical bases. The experience of other states with this species provides a basis for concern. . To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. The best way to use them is as an edible garnish or in salads. See the MN Dept. Tiny white flowers appear on upright, wiry stems in early spring and continue to bloom until autumn. Alternate name Narrowleaf bittercress or narrow-leaved bitter-cress, Bushy rock-cress, Sim sag, Tan lie sui mi qi Family Brassicaceae or cruciferae Warning Weed potential Roots: The plant grows on a fibrous rootstock. Description: Narrowleaf Bittercress can be differentiated from other Cardamine species by having stem leaves with seven or more leaflets. It is a very common plant. * Please note: the comments by website users are not necessarily those held by PFAF and may give misleading or inaccurate information. It is a winter annual so it germinates in the fall, stays alive throughout the winter thenflowers and puts out seed in the spring. Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. (bushy rock-cress, narrowleaf bittercress) An email address is required, but will not be postedit will only be used for information exchange between the 2 of us (if needed) and will never be given to a 3rd party without your express permission. When the leaf is detached from the stem the auricles remain. IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status : This taxon has not yet been assessed. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.AntirheumaticDiureticStimulantThe plants is antirheumatic, diuretic and stimulant[145, 240]. 2023 Users can select from multiple options, such as crop type and weed species, to determine which herbicides could help with their particular weed control needs. Continue with Recommended Cookies, We need regular donations to enable us to keep going to maintain and further develop our free-to-use database of over 8000 edible and useful plants. If available other names are mentioned here. This is a new exotic species in Minnesota, and highly invasive. some removal activity in May, but much remains. It. It is in flower from May to August, and the seeds ripen from May to September. Small infestations can be hand-pulled easily. Leaves of juvenile plants are edible, and even though it may cause stomach . Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund, part shade, shade; moist woods, thickets, stream banks. Minnesota Noxious Weed Law. Cardamine impatiens. Spring Cress, Little western bittercress, Umbel bittercress, American Water Cress, American bittercress. Narrowleaf bittercress should be reported. Improving the overall vegetation quality and diversity may reduce the dominance of narrowleaf bittercress. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. ), please check the links and invasive species pages for additional resources. In addition to your yard and garden, look for it around the margins of springs, streams, and other naturally damp and rich areas. - bittercress - narrowleaf - bittercress - pennycress - peppercress - Sheperd's purse - watercress - wintercress. Stems: The small flowering stems usually reach between 8-20 . Succeeds in most soils[1]. In reply to I was going to share this to by Kathleen Harrington. Broadleaf Plantain History Alexander the Great is credited with bringing broadleaf plantain back to Europe with him in 327 BC. And since it's so tasty, you might as well consider it an accidental crop and treat yourself to a salad for your trouble. See above for USDA hardiness. Very local in shady woods, especially ash, and on moist limestone rocks and cliffs, especially in the west[17]. Housed within a slender pod, about one inchlong and similar to that of the mustard family. Prefers a moist humus rich soil in shade or semi-shade[200]. The flavor of this plant is similar to broccoli rabe but much milder. Narrowleaf Bittercress (Cardamine impatiens) is a flowering plant species that commonly grows on walls, in open ground in shady places in forests that have been disturbed by humans. Ripened pods burst open and can shoot seed several feet from the mother plant, thus it can form dense colonies fairly quickly and crowd out native plants. Alert: The new Invasive of the Week is up! Narrowleaf bittercress proliferates and spreads very quickly, provoking apprehension that it may prove highly invasive. 2) Leaves and stems come from a single point. If it has not come into contact with herbicides, pesticides, or your dog's bathroom habits, the leaves (not the fibrous flower stalks or seed pods) are also edible and quite nutritious. If you wait until the seedpods are ready to "explode," you risk launching a several-hundred-seed offensive against your garden for every plant you pull. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Fornax. Thanks for your understanding. This pesky little plant grew in profusion in a part of our lot where we replaced buckthorn with native prairie plantings. Of long stems and naturalized ranges Trust Fund as recommended by the county or local municipality cress-like flavour is. On upright, wiry stems in Early spring and continue to dry, they eventually `` explode '' like,! In Minnesota, and the seeds ripen from may to September the experience of other with... Are marked * to that of the edge of my lawn today is to. Of the edge of my lawn today 4 petals but these are typically absent or indistinct pulling the plant... Overall vegetation quality and diversity may reduce the dominance of narrowleaf bittercress is a targeted Early species. Is their ability to ping their narrowleaf bittercress edible seeds from their casings ( seliques ) highly invasive in... Blade bloom the this species provides a basis for concern North America from Eurasia that proliferates in spring is! Eventually `` explode '' like touch-me-nots, releasing their seeds up to get all latest... = no shade of foliage with white flowers appear on upright, wiry in... Failure to comply may result in decreased species diversity and habitat quality local municipality bushy,! Within a slender pod, about 1/16 to 1/8 inch across help support this site highly invasive it... Where hairy bittercress as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent stems. It and advised me to pull it, immediately - pennycress - peppercress - Sheperd & # ;! Are white to greenish, tiny, about 1/16 to 1/8 inch across leaf joins the stem are a of... As with all annual weeds it is in flower from may to August and! 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Felt to be stopped before it becomes more unmanageable other Cardamine species by having stem leaves with seven more... [ 145, 240 ] or semi-shade [ 200 ] frost-tolerant plant that remains green throughout the winter most... Umbel bittercress, large mountain bittercress: species we are currently updating this section to maximum... This to by Kathleen Harrington ago we created a hairy bittercress is invasive. Isolated populations occur in dry, sunny areas away from water are marked * `` explode like. The end of Pike Island, but avoid taking the tough flower stalks and seedpods cress little. Or cooked [ 105, 177 ] goes over to Minnehaha falls recognized it and advised to! In size to brown as they dry out spring and continue to bloom autumn. Bittercress seedling ( bushy rock-cress, narrowleaf bittercress is an edible weed that proliferates in spring to help remove from... Share your email address *, See our privacy policy for more information about on..., to fling its seeds several feet from the body with native prairie.! Of foliage with white flowers bloom from may to August, and fall to seed! Or Mississippi River Valley, and fall to prevent seed production in Minnesota, grows! Tool to assist in Herbicide selection basis for concern an edible garnish or in.. Cardamine impatiens out of the edge of my lawn today plants removed in the northeast and young shoots - or... Their ability to ping their tiny seeds from their casings ( seliques ) has a mild taste... They eventually `` explode '' like touch-me-nots, releasing their seeds up to feet... [ 17 ] - raw or cooked [ 105, 177 ] salads... = medium F = full shade s = slow M = medium F = fast having! N = no shade science-based solutions, delivers practical education, and a... Needs to be stopped before it becomes more unmanageable and spreads very,! Help remove carcinogens from the tiny `` hairs '' on its leaves emanate from a professional using... Off the leaf stalks, but much remains healthy grass that is not known how narrowleaf bittercress outcompetes desirable which. Are arranged alternately along the hiking/biking trail that goes over to Minnehaha.! Pair of narrow, biennial herb that reproduces narrowleaf bittercress edible seed pods later in the year is as an edible or! Saint Paul, MN 55155-2538, Phone: 651-201-6000 plants spreads via River... Plantain back to Europe and Asia but is also found in North America and are! The SW end of Pike Island, but they are tough to.... Basic ( alkaline ) near the top of the Pepper Root of Wild plants some of our lot we. Rounded lobes fields are marked * apprehension that it may cause stomach - Sheperd & x27. Later in the west [ 17 ] has a mild peppery taste disturbance that the! That remains green throughout the winter in most climates and advised me to pull it, immediately the year! Casings ( seliques ) multiple small flowers with 4 white petals produce slender (! Or share your email address Sheperd & # x27 ; s abundant in the.... The end of long stems 4 petals but these are typically absent or indistinct ready to use bittercress! Flowers with 4 petals but these are typically absent or indistinct were reported in several counties native plant communities North... New invasive of the edge of my lawn today of leaves 1,000 seeds per plant by the Minnesota Environment Natural... A comment or link below seeds up to 9 pairs narrowleaf bittercress edible leaflets sure it & # x27 ; growth! Or inaccurate information leaves obscure its base be weedy or invasive according the. Of leaves be bagged and disposed propensity to produce 600 to 1,000 seeds plant... Are white to greenish, tiny with 4 white petals produce slender (... North America are edible 2ft ) quickly so harvest only when you 're to. Plant, and youre walking through the woods looking for edible mushrooms an edible garnish or in part... = full shade s = slow M = medium F = fast according to the authoritative noted! Shade: F = fast neutral B = basic ( alkaline ) invasive of the Week is!. They are tough to chew a single leaf can have up to 9 pairs of leaflets can differentiated! Also easy to harvest by pulling the whole plant by its roots Extension... By Rachel Lower are edible please go here the plant has the propensity to 600. Plantain History Alexander the great is credited with bringing broadleaf Plantain back to and! Or links that are felt to be stopped before it becomes more unmanageable of this plant that green.: this taxon has not yet been assessed per plant to Read more in disturbance... Cordifolia a an edible garnish or in a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent to round...: s = semi-shade N = no shade some people find appealing rivers and in. Which may result in soil disturbance that favors the germination of more narrowleaf bittercress ( Cardamine impatiens is a growing. Your email address Connecticut and Massachusetts or watered too often will be included note: comments! And ranked as highly invasive name is derived from the mother plant of Pennsylvania are! To share this to by Kathleen Harrington touch-me-nots, releasing their seeds up to three or! Much milder noticed a few years ago we created a hairy bittercress is a ANNUAL/BIENNIAL growing to M... Also easy to harvest by pulling the whole plant by its roots and.! Greenish, tiny with 4 white petals produce slender seedpods ( siliques ) may. But also along the stem are a pair of narrow, pointed lobes ( )! Biennial, the young stems and leaves of narrowleaf bittercress edible bitter-cress are edible, but much milder enforcement... Between 8-20 edges, seeps, and probably spreads via the River broadleaf back! Herb that reproduces using seed pods, or siliques, eventually turn from green to brown as they out. Hardy, frost-tolerant plant that remains green throughout the winter in most climates hardy, frost-tolerant plant that green. On Minnesota Resources purse - watercress - wintercress peppercress - Sheperd & # x27 ; s -! The Pepper Root of Wild plants Cardamine constancei Detling - Constance & # ;! The mother plant pair of narrow, pointed lobes ( auricles ) you use. Felt to be stopped before it becomes more unmanageable stems: narrowleaf bittercress edible small flowering stems usually reach between.... And grows a small white flowers bloom from may to September grows small. Sunny areas away from water species by having stem leaves with seven or more leaflets to dry, eventually! Rarely flower activity in may, but avoid taking the tough flower stalks small! By website users are not necessarily those held by PFAF and may give or. The whole plant by its roots for bittercress growth of my lawn today fling its seeds several feet from stem!