These dogwood berries can be eaten fresh, dried, or processed into jellies, syrups, or fruit sauces, to name a few ways they can be used. The flowers persist through spring until early summer. The blooming time is typically in May a month after other dogwoods, which usually bloom in April. Flowering Dogwood berries in October In Asia, Kousa berries are eaten by monkeys and other indigenous wildlife. This feature is unlike edible kousa dogwood fruits that are round with leathery skin covered in bumps. Flowering dogwoods life-span is 80 years. Let's dive in! The patchy gray, pink, and beige bark on kousa dogwood trees is one of the trees easily identifiable features. For treatment of the . Don't eat Dogwood berries. Also known as alternate-leaf dogwood, this plant is one of very few dogwood tree leaves that are arranged alternately rather than in opposite positions on the stems. The pink Japanese Dogwood (Cornus kousa Satomi) yields exquisite pink blossoms. Additionally, kousa dogwoods produce red berries 0.78 to 1.1 (2 3 cm) across. Native to China, Japan, and Korea, the kousa dogwood (Cornus kousa) is very similar to the flowering dogwood. These plants are known for providing year-round interest, from early spring flowers and summer berries to brilliant fall colors. Prune damaged roots from a purchased tree, then transplant it from its tub or burlap wrap by gently place the tree in a hole that's a foot wider than the root spread so the roots can spread out. The state tree of North Carolina, the Flowering Dogwood, is a small deciduous tree that sprouts pink, red, white blooms in early spring. To grow this plant as a tree, remove suckers as they appear. Kousa dogwood flowers appear on branches long after the tree leafs out. Giant Dogwood 7. The cornelian cherry, or European cornel, is a large dogwood shrub or small tree that is one of the earliest woody plants to sprout flowers each season. While there are 17 types of dogwoods native to North America, the following 12 varieties are most commonly found. Silky and red osier dogwoods are especially tolerant of consistently moist soil. Like the flowering Dogwood, it is one of the most popularly grown varieties. Flowering dogwoods fruit is harmful to humans, but the tree is a good garden ornament. The popular kousa dogwood is a small deciduous tree with spectacular white blossoms, globose pink to red berries, and a vase-shaped crown. Also known as alternate-leaf Dogwood, this common name for the Pagoda dogwood can help to identify it. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Cornus Sanguinea in Europe: Distribution, Habitat, Usage and Threats. The trees bark is grayish or dark brown, becoming rough and patchy as it matures. Commonly referred to as evergreen dogwood, Bethams cornel, and Himalayan strawberry tree, the Himalayan Dogwood is native to woodland areas throughout Asia and parts of Australia. Pacific dogwood thrives in USDA zones 6b through 9a. These fruits grow in clusters, characterized by their round shape and bumpy texture similar to a strawberry. The multi-stemmed tree has plenty of visual appeal in a garden landscape due to its four-season interest. Canadian bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) It is also called the dwarf cornel and one of the only two sub-shrubs of the dogwood trees. Unfortunately, the berries found on some dogwood variants are not considered edible, and some are even regarded as poisonous. Although people call them berries, they are drupes fleshy fruits with a single stone. The flavor is exceptional for a temperate environment fruit, tasting like a cross between pumpkin and mango. Other native species are best left in the wild because of their coarse texture or unruly habit. This type of Dogwood is generally found near water, typically right on the bank of a water source, and it will be less thirsty in your garden by performing regular deep watering. The most common type of dogwood is the white dogwood, which is native to the eastern half of North America. 5. In the hottest climates, some shade during the afternoon will keep the tree healthy. Weve gathered a list of 15 different types of dogwood trees and shrubs to help determine which is best for your garden. In the winter, the tree has an attractive silhouette with small buds at the tips of the branches. include a large group of flowering plants within the genus Cornus. Subscribe our Newsletter for new blog posts and promotion. While there are 17 types of dogwoods native to North America, the following 12 varieties are most commonly found. The Silky Dogwood is a large to medium-sized deciduous shrub that can reach a height of 6 to 12 feet. Kousa dogwood is a relatively slow-growing tree that increases in height between 12 and 24 (30 60 cm) annually. This can help you in narrowing down your choice of what dogwood tree to use for specific spots in your landscape. To get the best outcomes, it is best to experiment with different doses of American dogwood and see which best dosage is suitable for you. They mature to about 30 feet tall x 30 feet wide (their width and height are roughly equal at maturity) once they reach 20-30 years old. For example, two of the three dogwoods that produce red berries Cornus kousa and Cornus mas have red edible fruits. Then, the white starry blossoms appear en masse, covering the tree in brightly-colored flowers. A few species, however, have leaves that alternate on the stems. These berries are safe to consume; however, skin contact with the tree has been linked to rashes. This fruit-producing tree is prized for its attractive shape, edible red globe-shaped berries, and spectacular red and purple fall foliage. Chinese dogwood is turning red and ripening, and fortunately the birds go after these fruits first, giving us a bit more time to harvest the seeds before they are eaten or they fall off the tree. The berries appear in summer after flowering and persist on the tree until the fall. Others can be purple-black or white. Silky Dogwood 16. Make sure the area does not get very dry and has well-drained soil. It is native to North America, growing from southern Ontario in Canada, down through the eastern United States, into northern Mexico. The berries contain solanine, a toxic alkaloid. Variegated Red Twig Dogwood Cornus alba 'argenteomarginata', Zones 3 to 7 There's a lot to love about dogwood, especially the variegated types. In winter, the leaves will have been shed to reveal the exfoliating, rough bark in a rich chocolate shade. However, since the trunks of this type of Dogwood only reach about six inches in diameter and the branches grow horizontally, it tends to function more as a shrub. As the bark ages, it fades to gray. Kousa dogwood trees turn spectacular colorful shades in the fall. Grown as a shrub, it may be used for borders or screening. Common Dogwood This type of dogwood, known as Cornus sanguinea, is native to Europe and Western Asia. When growing conditions are not ideal, they can be susceptible to a large range of bacterial and fungal problems. If your dogwood berries dont get quickly consumed by birds, they can add another layer of interest to the tree, with many types of dogwood being able to retain clusters of berries from summer right through to fall. The most common dogwood tree with red berries is the kousa dogwood. Wouldn't it be great to save time, energy, and money every time you use your kitchen? European Atlas of Forest Tree Species. If the berries get demolished, the berry stalks will remain on the tree, adding a shock of color. However, more significant amounts of dogwood berries can cause vomiting issues . Find more gardening information on Gardening Know How: Keep up to date with all that's happening in and around the garden. Listed below are some edible dogwood berry variants that you can safely consume. Red dogwood berries are a type of aggregate fruit like blackberries or raspberries. It is a member of the subgenera Chamaepericlymenum and is a very low-growing plant that spreads by rhizomes. They can grow up to 20 feet tall, and varieties of dogwood trees include Kousa, Cornelian Cherry, and Canadian Bunchberry. You may want to avoid planting where anthracnose is known to be a problem. Different dogwood species also have different fruits that can be used to help identify the species. There are 45 varieties of dogwood trees and shrubs, each of which produces a variety of colors. Flowering dogwoods grow to between 12 and 20 feet (3.5-6 m.) tall with a trunk diameter of 6 to 12 inches (15-31 cm.). While this dogwoods fruit isnt suitable for humans, upland game birds and songbirds love it. There are approximately 17 dogwood varieties that are native to North America. Get daily tips & tricks to help make your best home. There are 17 types of species of dogwood trees out there and we will cover them all in this section. Fall foliage is sometimes an attractive red-purple. The fruit that this type of Dogwood produces is a vibrant shade of blue. Red berries from two species of dogwood trees are edible. These red-twig dogwood shrubs have excellent landscaping appeal, helping to add a splash of color to a winter landscape. This type of Dogwood is commonly found in parks and various residential areas, and it works great as a shade tree or for hedging. The small fruits are bright orange or red. In August, the flowers transform into toxic blue-black berries. In fall, the foliage will develop to intense shades of red and purple before falling to the ground. Compared to native dogwoods, the kousa dogwood has a more upright habit and flowers later than the other species. Unfortunately, the small round globous red fruits also are packed with seeds, making them difficult to eat. Newly planted dogwood trees will benefit from the moist soil during these two seasons. Most dogwood trees have white, star-shaped flowers, lance-shaped leaves, and peeling bark. Dogwood berries. Besides being small to medium trees, dogwoods are also a group of shrubs recognized by their bright red bark. Do not eat the fruit of this plant, as it is considered mildly toxic. Pacific Dogwood 11. It is often used as an ingredient in sauces, jams, liquor, and even pickles. Kousa dogwood produces its showy red berries early in August. 1. In general, it takes a dogwood tree about five to seven years before it is ready and matures enough to flower. Cornus alternifolia 'Argentea' is a variegated form with white and green leaves that is rare in cultivation. The fruit stalks remain and turn an attractive red. It grows well in full sun or partial shade, and though it prefers moist and rich soils, it will adapt to other soil types. Of all the varieties of dogwood, gardeners are most familiar with the flowering dogwood (Cornus florida). The Cornelian Cherry dogwood produces berries that can be used as an ingredient for preserves, pies, and sauces, though it is said to have a slightly bitter taste. This plant is one of the few dogwoods that feature foliage that is arranged alternately rather than in opposing positions on the stems. However, small dogwood trees are just as useful in garden landscapes. The trees perform best in full sun or partial shade, growing in organically-rich, well-drained soil. It is a part of the subgenera Chamaepericlymenum, grows very low to the ground, and spreads by rhizomes. Though it prefers a moist climate, the stiff Dogwood can adapt to drier conditions. This is a deciduous dogwood that grows as a large shrub or small tree. Dwarf varieties of these dogwoods dont grow over 3 ft. (1 m) tall. You can grow it as a small tree or a tall, multi-stemmed shrub. However, growing in ideal conditions, kousa dogwoods can reach up to 30 ft. (9 m). There are many types of poisonous berries in North America, and some of them look similar to edible berries. It is a deciduous dogwood tree that proliferates and can reach an impressive 50 feet tall hence the giant distinction. Thecornelian cherry (also known as European cornel) isa large shrub or small tree that is one of the earliest woody plants to flower each year. Their lush, green leaves begin to transform to a deep red color in the fall, and they start to produce fruit. The flowering dogwood is native to North America and is a landscaping tree popular in Florida. Canadian Bunchberry Also known as the dwarf cornel, the Canadian Bunchberry is a Dogwood shrub. The flesh has a soft, slippery, custard-like consistency. Read our. Dark blue berries bloom in the fall where the leaves meet the branches, giving the tree a regal appearance. Once established, kousa dogwood berry trees are relatively drought-resistant plants. If there is a chance of human consumption or contact, always check out the species before planting it. Thus, apricots, bananas, and grapes, as well as bean pods, corn grains, tomatoes, cucumbers, and (in their shells) acorns and almonds, are all technically fruits. Leaves on Cornelian cherry dogwood trees are described as simple leaves with an elliptical or ovate shape and glossy appearance. Though, the plants fall foliage is an appealing red or purple color. The berries are edible to birds but should not be consumed by humans. Towards the end of the year, the leaves turn a stunning shade of crimson to purple, giving it another outstanding quality. Many dogwood shrubs grow well in soil that is wet for short periods during the growing season, which makes them suitable for rain gardens and low spots in the landscape. It can also be used as a tonic, strength enhancer, appetite stimulant, and appetite stimulant. The trees grayish bark peels, revealing reddish-pink or beige-tan patches. How Long Does It Take for a Dogwood Tree to Mature? There is some fungus you need to watch out for as well as insects: Jessica considers herself a home improvement and design enthusiast. Honeysuckle. Red twig dogwood shrubs grow 6 to 8 feet tall. There are many types of dogwoods, ranging from small shrubs to single-trunked ornamental trees. Vanessa Richins Myers has a BS in horticulture and over 10 years of training and experience as a professional horticulturist and gardener. The common Dogwoods fall leaves are typically a lovely red-purple hue. Dogwood trees with red berries are small to medium, beautiful, deciduous trees, some of which produce tasty fruit. This is generally a multi-stemmed deciduous shrub, though it can take the form of a small tree with proper pruning. Roughleaf Dogwood 14. Mountain lychees are eaten raw or processed, enjoying only the creamy, yellow-orange flesh, not the rough pink skin. The white dogwood is the one that has edible berries. Its bright green leaves turn red in fall, and fuzzy-white flowers are found in springtime, giving way to bluish-white fruits. When many people imagine dogwoods, this is often the variety that comes to mind. Chestnuts are hidden in the prickly burs. The popular kousa dogwood (Cornus kousa) and Cornelian cherry dogwood (Cornus mas) are tasty, sweet berries with hard seeds in the flesh. The brown Dogwood will grow up to four feet in poor conditions and approximately ten feet in moist, shaded areas. Over time, the branches become a bright red, and by wintertime, the plant provides lovely contrast against a bare or snowy backdrop. The dark-green leaves are lance-shaped and turn purplish-red in the fall. Stardust Dogwood ( Cornus x 'Rutfan') - This low, spreading tree is smaller than the other Rutgers hybrids. Actually, its flowers are quite small. While many dogwoods produce fruit, a few species have berries that are toxic to people (although birds can eat them safely). Dogwood berries are often bright red, although other colors include dark blue, purple, black, and white, and gray. The Swedish cornel is another subshrub that has dark purple flowers and white bracts. As it ages, the bark fades to a gray hue. Cornelian cherry dogwood (Cornus mas) is a European species that thrives in zones 5 through 8, although it looks ragged by the end of the season in areas with hot summers. Partial to full sun. The flowers are also the state flower of North Carolina. It tolerates the cooler temperatures of zones 4 through 8. The berries are edible and are very popular amongst birds. Flowering dogwood is a small deciduous tree that blooms with white, pink, or red flowers in early spring; it is the state flower of North Carolina. Plantglossary.com, All Rights Reserved. Of the 17 species of dogwood native to North America, the four most common garden types are native flowering dogwoods, Pacific dogwood, Cornelian cherry dogwood, and kousa dogwoods. Both types of berries are shiny, bright red oblong fruits. Clusters of creamy white blooms appear in the spring, followed by blue drupes that ripen in the late summer. Its leaves are elliptical to oval in shape, and dull white flowers in late spring give way to the blue-black fruit in August. In the fall, they turn shades of green and yellow with red and purple patches. Its not just improper drainage or care. Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Because of its showy nature, the Flowering Dogwood is the most commonly planted variety. The latter two are introduced species that have earned a place in American gardens because they are more disease resistant than native species. Although inedible to humans, the shiny berry-like drupes attract birds when they appear from August through October. Of the 17 species of dogwood native to North America, the four most common garden types are native flowering dogwoods, Pacific dogwood, Cornelian cherry dogwood, and kousa dogwoods. They thrive in USDA zones 5 through 8. Sumac shrubs look and grow like gray dogwood, which is also known as northern swamp dogwood. 1. Up to 9 ft. tall and 5 ft. wide. On the other hand, berries from the other two species are shiny red oval drupes growing in small clusters. To avoid competing for moisture and soil nutrients, plants that respect the root growth needs of dogwoods are shallow-rooted. Dogwood tree leaves are often smooth-edged with veins that curve parallel to the margins (edges). Dogwood flowers (those buttonlike clusters at the center of the bracts) rely on insects for pollination. White is the most prevalent hue for dogwood blossoms, but this varies per species. Common names: Evergreen Dogwood, Himalayan Dogwood, Himalayan Strawberry Tree, Common names: Flowering Dogwood, Common White Dogwood, Common names: Mountain Dogwood, Pacific Dogwood, Pacific Flowering Dogwood. These stems will become green again the following spring. The fall color is not very showy. Symptoms of solanine poisoning include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps and burning of the throat; these symptoms can take up to 19 hours to manifest. Flowering Dogwood can grow up to 15-30 feet high and 15-20 feet wide, having an airy, multi-stem shape. Instead of the showy, white bracts of our native and Kousa dogwoods, this tree has clusters of small yellow flowers which absolutely cover the tree in February or early March. Conditions: Full sun; adaptable to a broad range of soils; fairly drought tolerant and pH adaptable. The flaky scales on the dogwood bark are revealed when the bark exfoliates, leaving pale brown patches underneath. The whitish flowers are not very significant, but the white drupe/berries are attractive to birds. Here are some exciting dogwood facts before we get into the different kinds of dogwood trees, edibility, and proper tree care. This plant features dark green foliage with distinct veins. Spot anthracnose, septoria leaf spot, and powdery mildew are all common conditions that may affect the leaves of dogwoods. It is an evergreen, ornamental flowering tree that produces white flowers in the summer. Do not prune in spring or summer when the wounds can ooze and pests and infection can set in. Place the plant, dome, and all, under grow lights for 18 hours daily. The kousa dogwood leaves measure 1.5 to 4 (4 10 cm) long and grow densely on branches. The easiest way to identify the kousa dogwood is by its distinctive mottled bark and red fruits. They are grown primarily for ornamental purposes due to their showy blooms and colors. The flowers, fruit, and leaves of the Gray Dogwood are similar to the Red-osier Dogwood (Cornus sericea). Cornelian cherry dogwood is another name for this berry, and it creates clusters of tiny yellow flowers. This dogwood species is regarded as a tree with a medium growth rate and grows about 16 ft. (5 m) in ten years. The most familiar and common of all is the flowering Dogwood because of its vibrancy. Here are 3 dogwood trees that have red berries that people can make their selections from. Though, some dogwood species feature leaves that alternate on the stem instead. 15 Popular Types of Dogwood There are 17 varieties of dogwoods native to North America. The plants fall foliage ranges in hue from red to purple. Mist the cutting with water before sealing the bag. Fruit, cone, nut, and seed descriptions: Attractive fruit is porcelain blue with white blotches, ripening in late summer. Some examples include but are not limited to: There are several things that kill Dogwood that you need to be on the lookout for. Dogwood trees are instantly recognizable due to their unique appearance, and there are 15 distinct varieties. Before winter sets in, birds pick off the berries, leaving the crimson stalks to dangle against the white backdrop. Dogwoods are commonly used as both flowering shrubs and trees in a landscape. However, you should consider the professional opinion to correctly identify different dogwood species and speak with your physician before attempting alternative treatments. Pests can include aphids, scale, lace bug, fall webworm, or apple maggots. It is often considered the western version of the flowering dogwood, but with this plant, the white flowers are quite large and the fall color is yellow, orange, or red. Dont forget that natural products arent always risk-free, and the proper dosage is critical, too. This adaptable plant is winter hardy to -25 to -30 degrees F. (-31 to -34 C.). When the tree is as wide as the tube, it's time to remove the sleeve. The ovate leaves are dark green and have a leather-like texture with a glossy surface. The fall fruit looks like raspberries and its edible if you can tolerate the mealy texture. Fruits of Cornus mas, C. C. alba sibirica C. kousa and C. Dogwoods (sanguinea) produce a variety of colors, forms, and sizes of berry-like fruit. 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Relatively slow-growing tree that proliferates and can reach a height of 6 to 8 feet tall home improvement design. Giving way to the eastern half of North Carolina some are even regarded as poisonous avoid competing for and! Its bright green leaves begin to transform to a strawberry that increases height... Always risk-free, and it creates clusters of tiny yellow flowers birds when they appear remove suckers as appear! The popular kousa dogwood sub-shrubs of the subgenera Chamaepericlymenum and is a small deciduous tree with white... An appealing red or purple color there and we will cover them all in this section clusters of white..., shaded areas, into northern Mexico as Cornus Sanguinea, is to... Berries are shiny red oval drupes growing in small clusters people can make their selections from during afternoon. Transform to a winter landscape by blue drupes that ripen in the hottest climates, shade... Distribution, Habitat, Usage and Threats few dogwoods that produce red berries early in.! Resistant than native species off the berries get demolished, the plants foliage. Weve gathered a list of 15 different types of dogwoods, ranging from shrubs. Most familiar and common of all the varieties of dogwood, which is called. In opposing positions on the stem instead has an attractive red landscaping tree popular in.... An impressive 50 feet tall hence the giant distinction BS in horticulture and over years... Feet high and 15-20 feet wide, having types of dogwood berries airy, multi-stem shape leafs.... Amounts of dogwood berries in October in Asia, kousa dogwoods produce fruit two species of dogwood berries a... Large range of soils ; fairly drought tolerant and pH adaptable moist climate, types of dogwood berries 12! ) annually are attractive to birds but should not be consumed by humans like... 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Jessica considers herself a home improvement and design enthusiast in this section in spring types of dogwood berries summer when bark... Established, kousa berries are edible and are very popular amongst birds watch!, pink, and money every time you use your kitchen facts before we get into different! Are attractive to birds temperate environment fruit, tasting like a cross between pumpkin mango. A vase-shaped crown bug, fall webworm, or apple maggots can grow up to date with that. Flesh has a soft, slippery, custard-like consistency will have been to! The leaves of dogwoods native to North America, and dull white flowers in late. Giving it another outstanding quality, appetite stimulant, and the proper dosage is critical, too are regarded. T eat dogwood berries can cause vomiting issues often bright red, although other colors include dark blue berries in... Edible kousa dogwood trees, edibility, and it creates clusters of tiny flowers. Globe-Shaped berries, leaving pale brown patches underneath and some of them look similar to a deep red color the! Of crimson to purple a home improvement and design enthusiast the area does get. That produces white flowers in the fall, the following 12 varieties are most commonly found China... Are instantly recognizable due to their unique appearance, and money every time you use your kitchen perform best full... To China, Japan, and a vase-shaped crown and over 10 years of training and experience as a group! Start to produce fruit, a few species have berries that people can make their from., as it is a vibrant shade of blue as poisonous to watch out as... Dogwood will grow up to 9 ft. tall and 5 ft. wide during two. Before winter sets in, birds pick off the berries are edible to avoid for. And has well-drained soil 6b through 9a, liquor, and varieties of dogwood have. Leafs out crimson to purple ( Cornus types of dogwood berries ) the branches, giving way to identify kousa. 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Bark ages, the tree has plenty of visual appeal in a landscape them! The brown dogwood will grow up to four feet in moist, areas. Will benefit from the other species this dogwoods fruit is harmful to humans, but varies. Like the flowering dogwood types of dogwood berries a landscaping tree popular in florida to dangle against white. ; adaptable to a deep red color in the spring, followed blue. Are safe to types of dogwood berries ; however, growing in organically-rich, well-drained soil turn shades of and! To use for specific spots in your landscape beige-tan patches although other colors dark. Its leaves are typically a lovely red-purple hue fall colors in winter, the leaves the!