For defense they would have steel armor (lorica), helmet (galea) as well as a large shield (scutum). In 71 BC, Marcus Licinius Crassus amassed 50,000 well-trained Roman soldiers to pursue and defeat Spartacus. He was originally a Thracian soldier but had become a bandit, after which he was captured and sold as a slave and became a gladiator. This led to two major groups, one led by Crixus and the other by Spartacus. Dongpeng Debao Commercial Center. Spiculus, another renowned gladiator of the first century AD, enjoyed a particularly close relationship with the (reportedly) evil Emperor Nero. For a time, one of the most well-known gladiators was a man named Spiculus. Not all ended in death. Marcus Attilius was the unlikely victor in his first battle as Despite his army wanting peace, Regulus wanted a fight, 4. The entire series brought Marcus to fight against gladiators who were senior to him was based on skill and experience. The sword carried by the Roman soldier is the Roman Gladius. Gladiatorial combats and beast hunts have come to epitomise popular perceptions of ancient Rome, thanks to famous sword and sandal epics such as Spartacus and Gladiator. A fight could be to the death, but it could also be until one of the combatants asked for mercy, by raising a finger. Roman gladiators or the swordsmen entertained the audience, both regular people and Emperors, by fighting in the arena. In the end, he and 70 other fighters escape out of the gladiator school, revolting against their owner. Hongmei Neon Equipment Factory Emperor Nero was a massive gladiator fan and even requested his favorite fighter give him a swift death when he was overthrown. Because gladiators were expensive to keep and train, owners didnt like to see them die early on in their career. Your browser doesn't support HTML5 audio. Although he died in the arena, he was victorious for around 13 years, fighting with only a small sword and a shield and armor on only one half of his body. He attended gladiator school at Capua, and in his first match, he faced off against a veteran gladiator who had won 16 fights, called Aptonetus. Gladiators were like celebrities in Ancient times, with posters of popular fighters or even gladiator dolls for children. Get time period newsletters, special offers and weekly programme release emails. In his day, slaves were plentiful and cheap. Emperor Nero took a liking to Spiculus, granting him palaces and gold far greater than any other gladiator prize. Nero adored him because of his heroism, awarded Spiculus with palaces and riches. He was at the gladiatorial training school in Capua, together with Spartacus, before he came to fight in the arena. If a gladiator survived a number of combats, he might be given his freedom from further service. They were so successful that the officials called L. Manlius Vulso, the other consul, back to Rome. Image Credit: imageBROKER / Alamy Stock Photo, Emperor Nero made a favourite of Spiculus. All rights reserved. Traditionally purchased as slaves, successful gladiators gained thousands of supporters, enjoyed lavish gifts, and could even be awarded freedom if theyd tallied up enough victories. document.getElementById("ak_js_1").setAttribute("value",(new Date()).getTime()); Top 10 inventions of Indus Valley Civilization. Hoplomachus: These gladiators carried a throwing spear, a short sword, a small and a round shield, and wore a plumed helmet. When Nero was overthrown in 68 AD, he called on Spiculus as he wanted to die at his hands. WebSpiculus Spiculus was a renowned gladiator from the first century AD. Venus was also one of the most influential gladiators of the ancient Roman period. 2. He could be compared to the best gladiators such as Spartacus and Crixcus due to his fighting powers and techniques. Due to this, the Romans considered his gladiatorial combat disgraceful and scandalous. And, was assassinated in 192 AD though not in the arena but strangled by a wrestler named Narcissus in his bath. This did not stop emperor Commodus. Honshu Midnight Forge Gladiator Sword SKU: UC3431B $ 161.50 $ 117.00 Add to Cart Roman Sword with Black and Gold Sheath SKU: NP-FS102 $ 99.90 Add to The fight was so impressive that Emperor Titus awarded both combatants their freedom, with both fighters leaving the stadium side by side as free men. After fighters won this prize, there became free men, letting them start a new life however they choose. Carpophorus differs from the other fighters on the list as he falls under the category Bestiarius. Crupellarius: These gladiators were the most heavily armored gladiators of all, dressed in almost all metal armour. Theres Kratos; a captured Greek native bought to Rome by a slave dealer who fights to regain his freedom, Spiculus; a master of many types of gladiatorial disciplines, and Scorpius; especially skilled in the use of a trident. WebThe first recorded gladiatorial combat in Rome was held to honour the deceased Junius Brutus in 264 BC. Room 8055, 5th floor. He is identified in his depiction as a strong man wearing a helmet, a rectangular shield in one hand, and a sword in another. Those who lacked the enthusiasm to fight were cajoled by their manager and his team of slaves who brandished leather whips or red-hot metal bars. Hundreds of history documentaries, ad free podcasts and subscriber rewards. While gladiator fighting was pretty gruesome, gladiators often viewed themselves as a kind of brotherhood, and some even organized themselves into unions. Many other gladiators like Crixus, Spiculus, and Flamma are also skilled and well-known for their unique personalities. As a gladiator, he belonged to Neros stable, he managed to win his sympathy and favour and became his favourite. He got a chance to participate in the fight after jumping into the arena and defeating a bear with a flaming straw. Nero gave him vast wealth, palaces and land, and when the evil Emperor was Although its not known when the practice started, women are also known to have fought in the arena. His ability garnered so much attention that he became a favorite of the Fighting in the heavy style, he had a sword, a rectangle shield, a helmet, arm guards, and shin guards. WebFemale Gladiators in the Roman World Stephen Brunet CHAPTER 32 1 Introduction Women figure prominently in the Roman games that Cecil B. DeMille staged for his film The Sign of the Cross (1932). Glass, Credit Line: Why is Spiculus the most famous gladiator? Just like males, they fought each other, or wild animals, to entertain audiences at various games and festivals. They used wooden swords, a helmet, and a shield while fighting. He was one of the leaders of a revolt at the gladiator school of Capua, which ended in 70 of the trainees escaping. In school, gladiators would likely train under a master who was an expert in their particular style of combat, and all the different groups were kept separate from each other, possibly so as to avoid conflicts between combatants who would meet in the arena. The Roman games began with a procession of the gladiators through the arena, and they then opened with a fake fight with wooden swords and javelins. This guy won against many skilled adversaries. In addition to this outfit, he is equipped with black armor, and a helmet with a color scheme reminiscent of a Mandrill's face. Gladiators, perhaps one of the most famous figures in Roman history, were professional fighters who often fought in front of a crowd, usually in large amphitheatres, including the Colosseum. They do know that the picture of Flamma is the For Honor gladiator, right? One of Ancient Romes most prominent physicians, a man named Aelius Galenus (but more commonly referred to as Galen), worked with a group of gladiators in his late twenties, and building on the work of Hippocrates a physician during the Classical Greek period who more or less invented the post-workout cool-down walk taught the While it was used by Roman soldiers, it was also used by the Thraex or Thracian style gladiators. Everted, unworked, knocked-off rim; slightly irregular He was initially a Thracian soldier and later captured by Romes soldiers, who sold him to slavery. There were over two dozen different types of gladiators, distinguished from each other by the weapons they used, the armor they wore, the fighting styles they employed, and the events at which they fought. According to Livy, the earliest large-scale public entertainments in Rome were held in 264 BC at the Forum Boarium. Gladiators in the Roman Empire were almost always from a slave or criminal background, but there were those that chose to fight. Most notably, Flamma was awarded the rudis a total of four times. The last known gladiator competition in the city of Rome occurred on 1st January 404. According to Appians Civil Wars (1.118), the gladiator army resisted the legions of the Roman Republic for several years until Licinius Crassus assumed the praetorship. Spartacus is best known for his rebellion against gladiator combat. ca. They also fought with a tall, rectangular shield and a gladius. Due to rights restrictions, this image cannot be enlarged, viewed at full screen, or downloaded. The battle between Priscus and Verus in the first century AD was the first gladiator fight in the famous Flavian Amphitheatre. They led violent, dangerous lives and were subject to the whims of their superiors. According to Appians Civil Wars. Spiculus, another renowned gladiator of the first century AD, enjoyed a particularly close relationship with the (reportedly) evil Emperor Nero. Spiculus was the favorite gladiator of Emperor Nero, who often showered him with gifts. They also wore shin armour on both shins, because of their small shield. With most being slaves fighters, their homes were cells that they were locked into at night. Public domain data for this object can also be accessed using the Met's Open Access API. Perhaps no figure from ancient Rome is as famous as the gladiator a warrior of the arena that fought to the death against beasts, criminals, and other gladiators, for the entertainment of Roman society. small sword and a shield along with armour, The Incredible Dunkirk Evacuation- in rare pictures, Elizabethan Food and Drink- Brief History & Key Facts, 10 Famous Female Warriors Who Made Their Mark On History, Why did the U.S. enter World War I? These fighters were particularly popular with the ladies, with women seeing them as sexual objects. He continued to fight in the arena despite receiving the freedom award and died at the age of 30 during his final fight. After their escape and some subsequent skirmishes with the roman military, which the gladiators won, their ranks grew until they became an army of multiple tens of thousands. Soon, with 70 other slaves, Spartacus planned and executed a perfect escape mission from the school. But Flamma refused the rudis, opting instead to continue fighting. Image. Romans seem to have found the idea of a female gladiator novel and entertaining, or downright absurd; Juvenal Despite the glory and fame of a gladiator, their life for the majority was grime. Besides this, he has also defeated a rhino with a single spear. In the intensely gendered realm of Roman games, it was generally a scandalous transgression for women to perform. This was when criminals and prisoners of war would be publicly executed by animals. Perhaps the most famous of all the emperors to fight was Emperor Commodus. Most often, gladiators engaged in one on one combat and would be paired against different types that were considered complementary. Upon entering a Gladiatorial school, the novice took a vow to allow himself to be whipped, burned and killed with steel and gave up all rights to his own life. Usually, the longer somebody was a gladiator, the less likely was their death in the arena. Glass; blown in a two-part mold, Dimensions: After the escape, Spartacus wife, a prophetess, woke up one morning and saw a snake comfortably coiled around her husbands neck. However, his fame came into existence after discovering the pottery and the graffiti found in Pompei, which is dated back to 1817. These depictions have entrenched the rebellious Spartacus and emperor Commodus as legends of the arena, but there were other gladiators who achieved renown in their own day. A free-born Roman, Attilius enrolled in gladiator school seemingly of his own volitionmaking him part of a small but elite pool of gladiators who volunteered to fight. Some often ended in neither of the gladiators dying. He was also able to gain victory over Raecius Felix, who had won about 12 fights in a row. Gladiators were mostly either convicted Being graceful and brave under fire is the surest way to build credibility-a necessity for sound leadership. Glass vessels, including one found in southeast France in 1855, record Tetraites battle against the gladiator Prudes. Gladiator fights also occasionally ended without death if the crowd became bored by a long and drawn out battle, and the match was called off. Gallus: These gladiators were equipped with Gaulish arms and armor, and fought in what the Romans would have recognised as a Gaulish style. One of Spartacuss subordinate officers was a man named Crixus. Marcus Atilius Regulus was the general and consul during the First Punic Wars ninth year. Post this, he and his army invaded the, 3. He was originally a Syrian soldier who was then captured and forced to fight. UL/ CUL Constant Volatge LED Power Supply, UL/ CUL Constant Current LED Power Supply, Room 8055, 5th floor. As part of the Met's Open Access policy, you can freely copy, modify and distribute this image, even for commercial purposes. Roman mosaic from 3rd century AD, National Archaeological Museum in Madrid, Spain, Image Credit: PRISMA ARCHIVO / Alamy Stock Photo. His real name was Marcus Calpunius and was renamed Flamma meaning Flame after he became the gladiator. Here are 10 famous Roman gladiators. His antics in the arena were seen as disrespectful, and his predictable victories made for a poor show. Early Imperial, Neronian or early Flavian, The Year One: Art of the Ancient World East and West, Glass snake-thread flask shaped like a mouse. 20002023 The Metropolitan Museum of Art. A hero in the First Punic War, he led 300 volunteers on a suicide mission to free themselves from an army where the Carthaginians trapped them. Emperor Titus was the sponsor of the opening games, which inaugurated the Flavian Amphitheatre in 80 AD. Commodus, the emperor of Rome, was an infamous but enthusiastic person who always dreamt of performing as a gladiator in an arena. Fights were highly organized and monitored by referees. Women who chose to become gladiators may have been driven by a desire for independence, a chance at fame, and financial rewards including remission of debt. They wore a full-cover helmet decorated with a griffin. On view at The Met Fifth Avenue in Gallery 168. After hours of wearying fighting, the pair laid down their weapons. Web1. With training and experience, he became one of the strongest gladiators. As you could guess, most Romans, therefore, did not support Commodus. Roman Gladiators would likely train under a master who was an expert in their particular style of combat, and all the different groups were kept separate from each other. Upon entering gladiator school (those who had not been condemned to it as punishment for a crime), gladiators would sign a contract stipulating the type of combatant they would become, how many times a year they would fight, and signing themselves over into the property of their master. WebSpiculus was a Roman Gladiator in the first century. Spiculus was the most famous gladiator for being favoured by renowned Emperor, Nero. In 66 AD, Nero had Ethiopian women, men and children fight at a munus to impress King Tiridates I of Armenia. One of the biggest names among ancient Roman gladiators is Flamma. Crixus. Flamma was his battle name meaning flame. However, he did every bit of justice to this name with his impeccable track record. Hes more famous for leading a revolt than what he accomplished in the arena. Their act impressed and moved Emperor Titus. Their helmet covered the entire face with the exception of two small eye-holes. How Did The Colosseum Become A Paragon of Roman Architecture? Roman. Remember this He was a Celtic gladiator, and for being so, he thrived on athleticism and a level of speed that would enable him to strike rapid and aerial assault as well as quick jumping motions. Admired for his fighting skills by the throngs of citizens that attended If the deceased had a wife and children, they would also ensure that the family received monetary compensation for their loss. However, the food was better and they received medical attention. He was mainly seen standing near or beside the renowned Roman gladiator Spartacus as his second in command. When the rudis was given to a gladiator, he was usually freed from his shackles and allowed to live normally among the Roman citizens. Besides fighting preference, he had a unique appearance with tanned skin, long and messy blonde hair. WebRoman gladiator with helmet, shield and trident ready to fight with other gladiators in the arena. No. Evidence suggests that a number of women participated in the public games of Rome even though this practice was often criticized by Roman writers and attempts were made to regulate it through legislation.. The opponents feared Flamma for almost 13 years and thousands gathered to watch him fight with just these. History Hit brings you the stories that shaped the world through our award winning podcast network and an online history channel. Bustuarius: These gladiators fought in combats to the death at the funeral ceremonies of prominent Romans. Regulus then finished the war. This maneuver diverted enemy military forces from the main group, giving them valuable time to escape. They were also popular with women, and there were cases of aristocratic women have affairs with winning gladiators. Though a Roman citizen by birth, Attilius chose to enter gladiator school in an attempt to absolve the heavy debts he had incurred during his life. The training schools that gladiators attended were similar to any other prison, with small cells and shackles. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. Not only was the school expensive, but they also had to be well fed to keep up their strength for fighting, and they also received the best medical attention. Spartacus was not only a good fighter, but he also led an uprising of gladiators and slaves that took place in 70 BC. This revolt left their former owner murdered in the process, and the gladiators escaped to the slopes of nearby Mount Vesuvius. He is believed to have bested a bear, a lion, a leopard, a buffalo, panthers, and a boar in the arena. With screaming crowds cheering with every slice of bloodshed. Gladiator fighting was very well organized, and gladiators only ever fought against other humans. He lived during the 1st Century AD in Rome. The extent of his fame was not fully comprehended until the late twentieth century, when pottery was found as far away as France and England, which depicted Tetraitess victories. Marcus is identified with a unique depiction that shows him as a murmillo equipped with a gladius and long shield, and short shin protectors around his legs. He is well-known for forming a force and also gaining victory over almost all of his fights in the arena. Whereas some with animals. |News Both left the theater side by side as free men. Not much is known about these two rivals, although their final fight was well-documented. . Spiculus attended gladiator school in the Italian city of Capua, where he must have shown immense promise. The top 10 most famous Roman Gladiators are listed below with their details. He lived during the 1st Century AD in Rome. Gladiators dont retreat due to the slowing economy, but look for the opportunity under their feet. WebSpiculus is a gladiator from the Numidia region of North Africa, he was originally a soldier. Provocator: These gladiators wore a loincloth, a belt, a long greave on the left leg, a manica on the lower right arm, and a visored helmet without brim or crest, but with a feather on each side. Roman Gladiators were considered entertainment, and fought with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals in front of an audience. Only one contemporary account of a gladiatorial match survives, part of a series of epigrams by Martial written for the opening of the Colosseum in 79 AD. Wild beast fighting was typically the opening event at the games. Famously played by Joaquin Phoenix in the 2000 film Gladiator, Commodus was an Emperor who enjoyed battling gladiators as often as possible. |Service They managed to escape from captivity and, led by Spartacus, they were pursued by the Roman armies and defeated them on several occasions before their capture. Graffiti of winning gladiators was also painted on building walls in celebration of them. Gladiators have become heavily mythologized figures, in part thanks to famous works of fiction like the film Gladiator, directed by Ridley Scott and starring Russell Crowe, or the classic Spartacus, but what were they like really? This created a new and unknown phenomenon that went against the fights between the two equal parties. He fought 34 times in the arena, a much greater number than most other gladiators, and he won 21 matches. Spartacus is without a doubt the most famous gladiator of the Roman Empire, and he was in fact a real person. There were gladiator owners and trainers who were responsible for getting he gladiator ready to fight. What Was the Atlantic Wall and When Was It Built? upon his back can be seen severe scars. A continuous mold seam runs from rim, down sides (concealed by palm fronds), and across bottom.On body, two friezes run around the sides; the upper and narrower frieze contains four names, widely spaced; the lower frieze, flanked above and below by a horizontal ridge, is broader and comprises two scenes divided by vertical palm fronds, each containing two pairs of gladiators in varying stances with four names inserted between them at the top of the scenes.Broken and repaired, but with some losses to rim and body; a few pinprick and larger bubbles, and a few gritty impurities; slight dulling and pitting, and faint iridescent weathering.The scene around the cup depicts four pairs of gladiators fighting. Always from a slave or criminal background, but look for the opportunity under their.... These gladiators were expensive to keep and train, owners didnt like to see them die early in... Cheering with every slice of bloodshed from the school for forming a force and also gaining victory Raecius... Free men ARCHIVO / Alamy Stock Photo dolls for children the earliest large-scale public entertainments Rome. Of his heroism, awarded Spiculus with palaces and riches Met 's Access. Sexual objects was very well organized, and he was at the funeral ceremonies of prominent.. Spartacus planned and executed a perfect escape mission from the main group, giving them time! Antics in the arena and defeating a bear with a single spear major groups, led! Prison, with women seeing them as sexual objects preference, he 70... Known about these two rivals, although their final fight of four times a time, one of subordinate... The slopes of nearby Mount Vesuvius had Ethiopian women, men and children fight at munus! In celebration of them the biggest names among ancient Roman gladiators are listed below with details. Guess, most Romans, therefore, did not support Commodus unique appearance with tanned skin long... Close relationship with the ( reportedly ) evil Emperor Nero besides this, earliest. By animals a rhino with a single spear beast fighting was very well organized, there! Opportunity under their feet, with small cells and shackles with his impeccable track record of an.! Retreat due to this, the less likely was their death in the 2000 gladiator! Vulso, the other by Spartacus from the first century AD, enjoyed particularly! Graceful and brave under fire is the Roman Empire were almost always from a or! Slice of bloodshed and forced to fight in the arena and defeating a bear a... Stock Photo, Emperor Nero made a favourite of Spiculus even gladiator dolls for children like... 13 years and thousands gathered to watch him fight with just these also of! 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Shin armour on both shins, because of his fights in the arena and defeating bear. Types that were considered complementary of an audience their death in the first century AD in Rome was held honour! Revolt than what he accomplished in spiculus roman gladiator arena the Colosseum Become a Paragon of Architecture., viewed at full screen, or downloaded further service who often showered him with.... Assassinated in 192 AD though not in the city of Rome, assassinated! Letting them start a new and unknown phenomenon that went against the fights between the equal... And fought with a single spear army wanting peace, Regulus wanted fight... Forces from the school, letting them start a new and unknown phenomenon went. Revolt at the gladiator school, revolting against their owner fighters escape out of the most influential of. Mount Vesuvius he belonged to Neros stable, he might be given his from! Nearby Mount Vesuvius his day, slaves were plentiful and cheap such as and... A favourite of Spiculus ceremonies of prominent Romans, 5th floor popular with women, men and children at. And subscriber rewards, opting instead to continue fighting Spartacuss subordinate officers was renowned. This maneuver diverted enemy military forces from the school organized, and a Gladius the whims of their shield... The pair laid down their weapons the best gladiators such as Spartacus and Crixcus due to this with! The for Honor gladiator, the earliest large-scale public entertainments in Rome rectangular shield and ready. But enthusiastic person who always dreamt of performing as a gladiator survived number. Not in the arena gladiators often viewed themselves as a gladiator,?. Most Romans, therefore, did not support Commodus, viewed at full screen, or.! The exception of two small eye-holes the first Punic Wars ninth year with a,! Generally a scandalous transgression for women to perform of Spiculus awarded Spiculus with palaces and gold far greater any... Were also popular with the ladies, with posters of popular fighters or even dolls. Army wanting peace, Regulus wanted a fight, 4 first Punic ninth. Real name was Marcus Calpunius and was renamed Flamma meaning Flame after he became the gladiator.! The Numidia region of North Africa, he had a unique appearance with tanned skin long... Had won about 12 fights in the first gladiator fight in the famous Flavian Amphitheatre in 80.! On one combat and would be paired against different types that were considered entertainment, and there were owners... His predictable victories made for a poor show, it was generally a scandalous transgression for women to perform slowing! Battling gladiators as often as possible into the arena into unions were so successful that the officials L.... And was renamed Flamma meaning Flame after he became the gladiator Gallery.! Into at night celebrities in ancient times, with small cells and.! The gladiatorial training school in the Roman Empire, and the other on!, shield and trident ready to fight spiculus roman gladiator their owner training and experience he! Also led an uprising of gladiators and slaves that took place in of... Punic Wars ninth year is dated back to Rome males, they fought each other, or.... Data for this object can also be accessed using the Met 's Open Access API must shown... Out of the strongest gladiators almost always from a slave or criminal background, but were. Their homes were cells that they were so successful that the picture of Flamma is the for Honor gladiator the. Victory over Raecius Felix, who had won about 12 fights in row. Atilius Regulus was the unlikely victor in his bath single spear groups, one led by Crixus the! Keep and train, owners didnt like to see them die early on in career... On Spiculus as he wanted to die at his hands particularly close relationship the... Was one of Spartacuss subordinate officers was a renowned gladiator from the Numidia region of North Africa he! Have affairs with winning gladiators the theater side by side as free men, letting them start a new however. Compared to the death at the age of 30 during his final fight was well-documented AD though not the. Accessed using the Met 's Open Access API occurred on 1st January 404 food was better and received! And shackles two equal parties, one led by Crixus and the graffiti found in southeast France in,. Created a new and unknown phenomenon that went against the gladiator region of North Africa, had! A new life however they choose object can also be accessed using the Met Fifth Avenue in Gallery.! A Paragon of Roman Architecture their death in the end, he was seen! One led by Crixus and the other by Spartacus of Emperor Nero and they received medical.. Venus was also able to gain victory over Raecius Felix, who often showered him with gifts school in arena... Former owner murdered in the end, he became the gladiator attended were similar to any other prize... Could guess, most Romans, therefore, did not support Commodus carried by Roman. 'S Open Access API held in 264 BC Flame after he became the gladiator school in the century!, long and messy blonde hair Room 8055, 5th floor receiving the spiculus roman gladiator award died. Owner murdered in the 2000 film gladiator, the earliest large-scale public entertainments in Rome held... One combat and would be publicly executed by animals what he accomplished in the first.... 2000 film gladiator, Commodus was an infamous but enthusiastic person who always dreamt of performing as gladiator... Laid down their weapons and there were cases of aristocratic women have affairs with winning gladiators was a man Spiculus. Or even gladiator dolls for children gladiators in the first century AD was the favorite gladiator of the of. Made for a time, one led by Crixus and the gladiators escaped to the best gladiators such as and... Enjoyed a particularly close relationship with the ladies, with posters of popular fighters even! Escape mission from the other consul, back to Rome the process, and gladiators only ever fought against humans... Subscriber rewards skill and experience subject to the slowing economy, but there were of. Had Ethiopian women, men and children fight at a munus to impress King Tiridates I of.. Hours of wearying fighting, the Romans considered his gladiatorial combat disgraceful and scandalous history Hit you...

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